The Age of Total War
Handout 1
Topic: Background to World War I
OUTLINE:
I. Background to World War I
A. Introduction
B. Diplomatic Revolution in Foreign Affairs
C. Road to War
D. Military and Social Pressures for War
E. The Fatal Mistake
F. The World on the Eve of Armageddon
QUESTIONS:
1. Everyone can agree that World War was a mistake, but what factors caused the war to happen in the first place? How did imperialism, nationalism, and militarism all play a critical role in the coming of the conflict?
2. Europeans had forgotten about the horrors of war and that may be one of the factors that made war highly probable in 1914. What were wars like between 1871 and 1914? What should have policymakers learned from those conflicts before deciding on war in the summer of 1914?
3. John Foster Dulles, the future secretary of state for Dwight D. Eisenhower, was one of the architects of the infamous “war quilt clause” of the Versailles Treaty in 1919. Was the verdict of the victors justified? If not Germany, then who was responsible for the war?
4. What role did the Serbian government play in the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
TERMS:
Imperialism Spanish-American War Otto von Bismarck
Reinsurance Treaty Triple Entente Triple Alliance
Plan XVII Schlieffen Plan Anglo-Russian Understanding
Fashoda Tirpitz Conscription
De Grandmaison Furious Offensive Ivan Bloch
Franz Joseph Franz Ferdinand Mayerling
Trialism Narodna Odbrana Black Hand
Mlada Bosna Apis